1969 - ERNEST MANDEL (Belgian Economist)


Ernest Mandel was invited to debate Harvard economist John Kenneth Galbraith at Stanford University. The State Department denied his visa because he was an avowed Marxist and advocated Communist economic doctrines. He challenged his exclusion and the case reached the Supreme Court, which ruled against him. Mandel said his case was based on "the right of the American public to hear [and] to listen to whatever opinions they wanted to listen to, even given by a foreigner."